Symbolism in The Cherry Orchard by Anton Chekhov Essay -- Papers Cherr

Symbolism in The Cherry Orchard by Anton Chekhov Mamma! Are you crying, mamma? My dear, good, sweet mamma! Darling, I love you! I bless you! The Cherry orchard is sold; it?s gone; its quite true, it?s quite true. But don?t cry, mamma, you?ve still got life before you, you?ve still got your pure and lovely soul. Come with me, darling, and come away from here. We?ll plant a new garden, still lovelier than this. You will see it and understand, and happiness, deep, tranquil happiness will sink down on your soul, like the sun at eventide, and you?ll smile, mamma. Come, darling, come with me! The Cherry Orchard has been acclaimed as one of the greatest theatrical experiences of all time. It is clearly seen through the use of the more subtle, submerged, and persuasive techniques that he uses in writing this, his most famous play. The Cherry Orchard is important for three reasons: First, for its intrinsic textual richness, linguistic power and subtlety as a piece of dramatic prose; second, because of its crucial position in Russian cultural history as the culmination of all ?realist? nineteenth-century fiction and as the first classic of a new, arguably ?symbolist? or ?absurd? literature; third, because of its seminal role in the evolution of Twentieth-Century theater. The plot structure in The Cherry Orchard is not as meaningful as the impact of events on the inner sensibilities of the characters. Chekhov divides his characters in The Cherry Orchard in a variety of ways so that the orchard and its sale take on different meaning for each of them. It is necessary then to examine the loss of the cherry through some of the major character; Yermolai Alexeyitch Lopakhin, Peter Trophimot, and Madame Ranevsky. When writing TCO he us... ...and repression; by Lopakhin, the business man and spokesman for hard economic facts, the one who thinks of it primarily as a means to a wiser investment, and by Madame Ranvesky, who sees in it her childhood happiness; it is seen from these characters that are woven by their brilliant selection. Thus, The Cherry Orchard is simplistic, yet complicated at the same time. It has poetic strength and is naturalistically composed, which makes it all the more controversial. The interweaving in the play, the relationships between one generation and another, between the sexes, and ranking of different social classes add to The Cherry Orchard?s interesting balance. It is not hard for one to see why The Cherry Orchard is considered to be Anton Chekhov?s greatest work, and why it shall remain a classic for many years to come.

Upton Sinclairs The Jungle Essay -- essays research papers

Several years before and after the turn the turn of the twentieth century, America experienced a large influx of European immigration. These new citizens had come in search of the American dream of success, bolstered by promise of good fortune. Instead they found themselves beaten into failure by American industry. Upton Sinclair wanted to expose the cruelty and heartlessness endured by these ordinary workers. He chose to represent the industrial world through the meatpacking industry, where the rewards of progress were enjoyed only by the privileged, who exploited the powerless masses of workers. The Jungle is a novel and a work of investigative journalism; its primary purpose was to inform the general public about the dehumanization of American workers. However the novel was much more effective at exposing the unsanitary conditions of the meatpacking industry. The public’s concern about the meat supply was so great that Sinclair later commented, â€Å"I aimed at the public’s heart, and by accident I hit it in the stomach.† He played the journalist role well, actually spending seven months in Chicago where he studied the inner workings of the meatpacking industry. The experience allowed him to describe first-hand the sickening environment of the modern industrial factory. After Jurgis loses his factory job, he begins a frustrating search for new employment. Eventually he is forced into taking a job at the fertilizer plant, the worst place in the town. Sinclair makes it clear that the worker will, in fact, be working in sewage. The fertilizer works of Durham’s lay away from the rest of the plant. This this part of the yards came all the â€Å"tankage,† and the waste products of all sorts; here they dried out the bones—and in suffocating cellars where the day light bending over whirling machines and sewing bits of bone into all sorts of shapes, breathing their lungs of the fine dust, and doomed to die, every one of them, within a certain time. Here they made the blood into albumen, and made other foul-smelling things into thins still more foul-smelling. In the corridors and caverns where it was done, you might lose yourself as in the great caves of Kentucky. (p. 152) The thought of working in the waste of Packingtown disgusts Jurgis so much that he wishes he doesn’t get hired. Jurgis is a typical immigrant worker, and he realizes that this job is his â€Å"only hope.† T... ...r’s intended result was to show that the forces of industry capitalists would drive the working class to Socialism. Jack London, famous Socialist, commented, â€Å"What ‘Uncle Tom’s Cabin’ did for the black slaves ‘The Jungle’ has a large chance to do for the white slaves of today.† By demonizing American industry he hoped to change the world. There are only a dozen or so pages concerned with the horrid details of meat production, but it was these informal references to the food they were buying and eating that angered the people and created public demand for reform. Upton Sinclair was primarily concerned with labor conditions for workers in the meat packing industry. He also exposed unsanitary food processing, which was incidental. It succeeded on both fronts, leading President Roosevelt to sign the Pure Food and Drug Act as a result. Sinclair was able to paint a detailed picture of immigrant culture while remaining informative. The sacrifice of millions of lives for the amassing of wealth was hard to believe, as were the exploitation of women and children in the factories. Sinclair hoped that no one who read The Jungle would forget the opening chapters. Upton Sinclairs "The Jungle" Essay -- essays research papers Several years before and after the turn the turn of the twentieth century, America experienced a large influx of European immigration. These new citizens had come in search of the American dream of success, bolstered by promise of good fortune. Instead they found themselves beaten into failure by American industry. Upton Sinclair wanted to expose the cruelty and heartlessness endured by these ordinary workers. He chose to represent the industrial world through the meatpacking industry, where the rewards of progress were enjoyed only by the privileged, who exploited the powerless masses of workers. The Jungle is a novel and a work of investigative journalism; its primary purpose was to inform the general public about the dehumanization of American workers. However the novel was much more effective at exposing the unsanitary conditions of the meatpacking industry. The public’s concern about the meat supply was so great that Sinclair later commented, â€Å"I aimed at the public’s heart, and by accident I hit it in the stomach.† He played the journalist role well, actually spending seven months in Chicago where he studied the inner workings of the meatpacking industry. The experience allowed him to describe first-hand the sickening environment of the modern industrial factory. After Jurgis loses his factory job, he begins a frustrating search for new employment. Eventually he is forced into taking a job at the fertilizer plant, the worst place in the town. Sinclair makes it clear that the worker will, in fact, be working in sewage. The fertilizer works of Durham’s lay away from the rest of the plant. This this part of the yards came all the â€Å"tankage,† and the waste products of all sorts; here they dried out the bones—and in suffocating cellars where the day light bending over whirling machines and sewing bits of bone into all sorts of shapes, breathing their lungs of the fine dust, and doomed to die, every one of them, within a certain time. Here they made the blood into albumen, and made other foul-smelling things into thins still more foul-smelling. In the corridors and caverns where it was done, you might lose yourself as in the great caves of Kentucky. (p. 152) The thought of working in the waste of Packingtown disgusts Jurgis so much that he wishes he doesn’t get hired. Jurgis is a typical immigrant worker, and he realizes that this job is his â€Å"only hope.† T... ...r’s intended result was to show that the forces of industry capitalists would drive the working class to Socialism. Jack London, famous Socialist, commented, â€Å"What ‘Uncle Tom’s Cabin’ did for the black slaves ‘The Jungle’ has a large chance to do for the white slaves of today.† By demonizing American industry he hoped to change the world. There are only a dozen or so pages concerned with the horrid details of meat production, but it was these informal references to the food they were buying and eating that angered the people and created public demand for reform. Upton Sinclair was primarily concerned with labor conditions for workers in the meat packing industry. He also exposed unsanitary food processing, which was incidental. It succeeded on both fronts, leading President Roosevelt to sign the Pure Food and Drug Act as a result. Sinclair was able to paint a detailed picture of immigrant culture while remaining informative. The sacrifice of millions of lives for the amassing of wealth was hard to believe, as were the exploitation of women and children in the factories. Sinclair hoped that no one who read The Jungle would forget the opening chapters.

“The Filipino Penchant for Beauty Products and Whitener Reflects That Colonial Outlook on Beauty”

Dasmarinas East National High School San Simon, Dasmarinas City â€Å"The Filipino penchant for beauty products and whitener reflects that colonial outlook on beauty† Tittle: In a Partial Fulfilment in English IV IV- Pearl ______________ _____________ Prepared by: Prepared to: Chapter 1 Introduction A. Backround of the Study For so many years beauty has been a center of attraction to all. It can be considered as one of the major aspects of an individual’s life. Beauty is defined as â€Å"any of those qualities of objects, sounds, emotional or intellectual concepts, behavior, etc.That gratify or arouse admiration to a high degree, especially by the perfection of form resulting from the harmonious combination of diverse elements in unity†. A person appears beautiful when seen perfectly. And most of the Filipinos are aware of that statement. Filipinos want to become beautiful, that even using so many cosmetic product just to beautify will do. This research entitled â€Å"The Filipino Penchant for beauty products and whiteners reflects the colonial outlook in beauty,† aims to prove that Filipino’s tend to believe that physical beauty is an edge among others.Specifying that beauty has been the most favourable and considerable things over others. The three major reasons why beauty matters are: beauty creates energy, beauty debriefs tension and beauty helps our self esteem. One tends to attract positive energies resulting to positive outlook in life, whenever there is a satisfaction in someone’s beauty. Beauty really helps in developing one’s self-esteem. Because it will eventually lead to the confidence of oneself. The researchers tend to believe that physical beauty is fashion that makes an individual creative, physically and mentally creative.People usually use beauty as an instrument on socializing. â€Å"The face isphysical, therefore personal and intimate, yet the face is also made up and subject to fashion. â₠¬  Acceptance in terms of beauty cannot be avoided, based on what the researcher experienced. It is the nature of aech and every one . And it is observed especially on the side of women, which feels more pressure than men in terms of beautification. â€Å"Millions of women, of all ages and countries and ethnicities, feel pressures to look different than they do, to gain the esteem of others and acceptance in their own eyes.Some men feel similar pressures, though not often and seldom as with as much force, for in nearly human societies beauty is more vigourously required of women than men. Men can feel good about themselves on the basis of power, wealth and achievement. Women in industrial societies gain self-esteem from those things too, but they are also required to be beautiful or at least to present themselves beautifully,† It seems that women are required to be presented beautifully at all time. That’s why beauty products and procedures are the requirements to ach ieve the said edge among others. Beauty is the state of mind†¦ when you feel beautiful, you are beautiful!A good appreance shows that you respect yourself. When people see that, they feel respect for you too. When you give respect, you get respect. † This statement appeals that you should be thinking positive, be confident, and don’t be afraid of what other say. But as the researchers observed, this does not exist anymore. When people want to become beautiful, they will apply make-up, skin whiteners, etc. but then, for others who cannot afford, then why not take optimism? so that insecurity will never be an arguing issue. Although considered as the edge for millions of people, beauty needs so many painful ways first before achieving it. â€Å"Beauty gives pleasure even if achieving it could be painful. † Some people, most especially Filipinos work hard to attain the beauty preference of the majority. According on the website that we have visited, â€Å"on t he average of forty percent of the Filipinos population has tried some form of whitening treatment or applied whitening cream to their skin. The Filipinos are vain; very vain.Skin whitening is just one of the many things that Filipinos would go through to stand up to Filipino standard of beauty. † This leads to the researcher’s conclusions that Filipinos are seriously decided on how they will appear to others, believing that white is beauty. According to Stephen M. Smith â€Å"Looks may not be everything, but physical good news usually work in one’s favour. Such is the conclusion of a quarters century’s worth of research on physical attractiveness effects. Physical attractive individuals are often viewed more favourably than unattractiveness effects.Physical attractive individual are often viewed more favourably than unattractive people on dimensions that are weakly related or unrelated to physical looks, such as intelligience, sociability and morality. à ¢â‚¬Å"That’s exactly what the researcher mean, that beauty favourability cannot be avoided or diminished in every aspects of life. Especiallyin Filipinos who really considered that beauty is an edge among others. Dasmarinas East National High School English IV IV- PearlResearch Title: â€Å"The Filipino penchant for beauty products and whitener reflects that colonial outlook on beauty† We IV- Pearl students are conducting a Research Paper as a requirement for our subject in English IV. To be able to know the possible reason why Filipino tend to believe that physical beauty is an edge over others, we are now requesting you to help us in this survey. Please check the box for your appropriate answers answer the open questions truthfully. Any answers will be treated confidentially and will be only used as data for this research.Name: __________________________________ Address: _____________________Gender: ___ Survey Question: 1. Do you use beauty products, whiteners? Yes N o 2. What products do you usually use? Face Powder Body Lotion Hair Creme Lipstick 3. Why do you uses those products? ___________________________________ 4. Which one do you think you cannot live without? ____________________________________ 5. When did you start using these products? ____________________________________ 6. Are you satisfied by the result? Yes No . Do you plan it to use it continuously? ___________________________________ 8. Who influence you to use those products? ___________________________________ 9. What advantage do you think you have over others by using these products? ___________________________________ 10. Do you believe that physical beauty is an edge over others? Yes No Dasmarinas East National High School English IV IV- Pearl Research Title: â€Å"The Filipino penchant for beauty products and whitener reflects that colonial outlook on beauty†We IV- Pearl students are conducting a Research Paper as a requirement for our subject in English IV. To be able to know the possible reason why Filipino tend to believe that physical beauty is an edge over others, we are now requesting you to help us in this survey. Please check the box for your appropriate answers answer the open questions truthfully. Any answers will be treated confidentially and will be only used as data for this research. Name: __________________________________ Address: _____________________Gender: ___ Survey Question: 1. Do you use beauty products, whiteners?Yes No 2. What products do you usually use? Face Powder Body Lotion Hair Creme Lipstick 3. Why do you uses those products? ___________________________________ 4. Which one do you think you cannot live without? ____________________________________ 5. When did you start using these products? ____________________________________ 6. Are you satisfied by the result? Yes No 7. Do you plan it to use it continuously? ___________________________________ 8. Who influence you to use those products? ______________________ ____________ 9. What advantage do you think you have over others by using these products? ___________________________________ 10. Do you believe that physical beauty is an edge over others? Yes No Scope and Delimitation This study focuses on how the Filipinos’ penchant to beauty products and whitener reflect the colonial outlook on beauty. The respondents were randomly selected and are composed of 15 female and 10 male students and non student. This study will no longer discuss the different brand of those identified cosmetic products.The researchers gathered information through the use of some relevant books that can be found in the Pambayang Aklatan ng Dasmarinas, internet sources. Statement of the Problem This study aims to answer the following question: 1. What are the beauty products commonly used by Filipinos? 2. Why do Filipinos use those said beauty products? 3. What should be the true concept of beauty? 4. Why do Filipinos tend to believe that physical appreance is a n edge among others? Significance of the Study The finding of this study will benefit the following groups of people:Future Researcher: This research paper can be used as a reference if there is a certain relation between the topics. Filipinos: They will be able to realize that physical appereance is not the only favourable thing above all. They will be able to assess the do’s and dont’s regarding using cosmetic products. Definition of Terms: Ethnicities- A particular ethnic affiliation group (student of divers ethnicities), e. g. A university that aggressively recruits the student body of diverse ethnicities. Harmonious- Having the parts agreeably related: — (blended into a harmonious), e. . the living was decorated in harmonious color. Vain- Unsuccessful: he maid a vain attempt to reach the drowning woman. E. g. she is very vain about her appereance. Transcends- Changing the person. E. g. she was able to transcend her own suffering and help others. Beauty- Phy sical appereance which is considered as the edge over others. E. g. we explored the natural beauty of island. Penchant- A strong and continued inclination broadly: liking. E. g. a penchant for sitting by the window and staring moodily of into space. Vigourously- Carried out forcefully and energetically.E. g. she give a vigourous defense of her beliefs. Cosmetic- Designed to increase the beauty and hide the defects of something, especially the face; he had a cosmetic surgery to improve the shape of his nose. E. g. almond oil is sometimes used in cosmetic products. Statement of the Problem This study aims to answer the following question: 1. What are the beauty products commonly used by Filipinos? 2. Why do Filipinos use those said beauty products? 3. What should be the true concept of beauty? 4. Why do Filipinos tend to believe that physical appreance is an edge among others?Significance of the Study The finding of this study will benefit the following groups of people: Future Resear cher: This research paper can be used as a reference if there is a certain relation between the topics. Filipinos: They will be able to realize that physical appereance is not the only favourable thing above all. They will be able to assess the do’s and dont’s regarding using cosmetic products. Definition of Terms: Ethnicities- A particular ethnic affiliation group (student of divers ethnicities), e. g. A university that aggressively recruits the student body of diverse ethnicities.Harmonious- Having the parts agreeably related: — (blended into a harmonious), e. g. the living was decorated in harmonious color. Vain- Unsuccessful: he maid a vain attempt to reach the drowning woman. E. g. she is very vain about her appereance. Transcends- Changing the person. E. g. she was able to transcend her own suffering and help others. Beauty- Physical appereance which is considered as the edge over others. E. g. we explored the natural beauty of island. It can be either dev eloped the humane values because in our life today is taking the advantage of being beautiful or handsome .

Personal Data Protection

Personal data (2012, Online) means â€Å"data relating to a living individual who is or can be identified either from the data or from the data in conjunction with other information that is in, or is likely to come into, the possession of the data controller†. The Data Protection Act 1988 – 2003 guarantee individuals right to protection their personal data and explain duties of Data Controllers. This act apply to organizations that uphold information on individuals which can contain telephone number, address, account details, nationality, religion, physical or mental health and/or other sensitive information.The Data Protection Commissioner has approved a personal data security breach Code of Practice to help organisations to react appropriately when they become aware of breaches of security personal information they maintain. The Data Controllers are required to: †¢ collect and process information fairly †¢ keep them only in one or more specified and legal pu rposes †¢ use information for the purposes for which their were collected †¢ keep them safe and secure keep them accurate, complete and up-to-date †¢ not stored them longer than is necessary Every person may obtain a copy of their entire personal data by written request to any organization or individual who holds personal information, unless the Government instructs the Data Controller to withhold the information, data subject also has a right to correct any inaccurate information or, in some cases, such information can be completely removed.The Code of Practice does not apply to providers of publicly available electronic communications networks or services. Providers of publicly available electronic communications networks or services are required to have a security policy, ensure that personal data can only be used by authorised personnel for specified purposes and protect personal data against unlawful use or access.

Child and young person development Essay

1.1 Describe the expected pattern of children and young people’s development from birth to 19yrs Physical Development Communication & Intellectual development Social, Emotional & Behavioural development 0-3 New babies have little control over their bodies, their movement depends on a series of reflexes as they get older they start to develop more gross monitor skills such as crawling, sitting, running, rolling. In their second year, children should have a better ability to control their movement. In a child’s 3rd year they would start to develop fine motor skills such as painting, scribbling and colouring. The child enjoys looking at and turning pages of books. At this age a child, should be able to use a cup and be able to feed themselves. A child at this stage will be listening, taking in language and speech from their surroundings. If a child is not given the appropriate attention they will find it hard to speak/communicate with other children. Speech will begin to grow with the child enjoying songs and games and words will start to increase rapidly, with words being pronounced wrong but not without a lack of trying. For example ‘I broked it’ instead of ‘I b roke it’. Children will have firms bonds with their parents/carers/guardians/key workers. They will experience emotional issues such as playing up for their parents, due to wanting to be independent and do things for themselves. 3-7 At this age, children will be improving the skills they have learned so far, they will have more confidence and more control over their fine motor skills such as cutting, writing and drawing. As children grow they continue to pick up phrases and expressions from the people around them and their surroundings. Their confidence will continue to blossom as they will now be able to talk and communicate in more ways with others around them. Children  will still look for praise from the older people and adults around them. At this age children start to engage more with their friends; ie playing with a ball, dressing up, playing with lego. They will learn disappointment such as not being picked for teams, and know how they should behave within the groups. They will learn to cooperate openly with others and how to respond to responsibility. 7-12 Children would start to have hobbies and interests such as sports, dance, drama. Children will continue to develop and improve many of their skills. Girls will start to show signs of early puberty from age 10-11yrs. Puberty in boys will usually start later. Speech for a child at this stage will be a lot clearer and understood. They will be fine tuning their written and reading skills which will help them to think about ideas and learning tools which will increase their confidence. Their knowledge and understanding will be used a lot more efficiently. Children will have developed different groups of friends and feel settled within those groups. Many different skills will have been developed and hobbies will be of great interest. Fine motor skills will be fully developed with more of an interest in their hobbies. For example playing an instrument, sewing and crafts. 12-19 The boys will be starting to go through puberty and many of the girls would be completing their puberty, having regular periods. As a result of the different stages at this age in puberty, boys and girls will vary in height, with girls they are taller and are growing stronger than boys. A wider understanding of their surroundings and clearer ideas of their favourite activities and subjects at school will be expected at this stage. They will be thinking about future careers as they prepare to leave school. Young people between this age experience a lot of change and can become very self conscious of their bodily changes. Independence will have grown but will still look for guidance from others. Strength, height and confidence will also have grown. 1.2 Describe with examples how different aspects of development can affect one another It is always important to remember that different aspects of development can affect another, for example if a child has a new sibling in their family they have to understand that their parent’s have to share their attention with both of the children not just one. The child may feel angry and alone which can lead to social, emotional and behavioural problems. If they feel they don’t get enough attention from their parents. This can then have an impact on their communication development, due to them playing up or misbehaving. If a child has an illness or disability which prevents them from walking this can affect their physical development as they don’t have full gross motor skill development, as well as affecting their social and intellectual development. They may spend a lot more time learning which will be a positive gain on their intellectual development, however they may wonder why they are not with their peers taking part in their daily activities, therefore their emotional, social and behavioural development will be affected as they may feel left out or different from the others. Outcome 2 2.1 Describe with examples the kinds of influences that affect children and young people’s development including: a) background b) health c)environment Children and young people come from a wide range of different backgrounds, all having an affect on development. For example a child/young person may be neglected and from a poorer family who don’t have the amenities to care properly for that child. The behaviour of a parent towards their child can affect how they deal with things emotionally and therefore can have an impact on a child’s development. If there are older siblings they my talk above the younger sibling or talk for them, having an affect on a child’s communication skills possibly making their speech slower. On a positive note an older sibling may help the younger sibling to develop their skills at a faster pace. For example if they read, write and just sit talking to their  older brother or sister it can help the, to develop much needed skills. If a child/young person suffers a bereavement of a family member or close friend, or has an illness or injury, these factors can also have an affect on a chi ld’s emotional and social development. My daughter Hope, was born with a complex heart and lung defect which led to her having major surgery at 4 months old, this has delayed her development in terms of speech, mobility and learning and she has missed school due to various hospital and clinic appointments. Hope has extra reading lessons as her eyesight has been affected by the health issues and therefore struggles to keep up to the same level as her peers. P.E lessons are sometimes a struggle as her physical ability is behind most of her classmates and she struggles to keep up. Hope’s hearing has also been affected as well as her growth, making it harder for her to complete normal day to day tasks with her friends. The environment a child learns in is an important aspect of their school life. If there are distraction such as a noisy road outside or some kind of issue in the classroom for example a disruptive child, this can affect a child’s development by taking their attention away from learning. A few day nurseries have found recently that bright, vibrant colours and pictures on walls, are more of a distraction to the children in their early years at nursery, and so no longer have anything on walls at all. They are now plain as to not draw attention from the children, distracting them from their day to day learning and play. 2.2 Describe with examples the importance of recognising and responding to concerns about children and young people’s development If a child has any issues it is extremely important that these issues are dealt with as soon as possible, as if they go unnoticed this may lead to further problems. For example my daughter Hope, never showed any signs of having a problem with her eyesight, until a routine check at school discovered she was very short sighted in one eye. It wasn’t until this was found that recent behaviours slotted into place, like Hope wouldn’t look to be interested in class, she would sit and look like she was in a daze, this was due to the fact she couldn’t see properly not that she wasn’t  interested. In Hope’s preschool year, her teacher was concerned Hope wasn’t progressing as well as the other children in her group, due to her being very quiet and reserved and looking disinterested in what was going on. Hope was referred to a learning development team who found nothing wrong, but it was important that her teacher made me aware of these issues incase there was an underlying issue. No matter how many times an issue is raised it is important to do so until the issue has been resolved, so not to cause any further stress to the child or young person. Hope for weeks, wasn’t herself at home or in school, she would be very unsettled, wet the bed, very quiet and wouldn’t join in in her class. After constant revisiting of these problems it was finally found that the anxieties Hope was having was due to her health issues. If these issues were not picked up Hope would be a lot worse now, thankfully they were and are being resolved. Outcome 3 3.1 Identify the transitions experienced by most children and young people Nursery – preschool Preschool – primary school Primary school – high school Change of classes Change of timetable Change of teacher/key worker Puberty 3.2 Identify transitions that only some children and young people may experience Move in house—possibly a local move or out of the area Move in school – due to the above or other personal issues Bereavement of a close friend or family member Illness or injury Parental separation or divorce Change of carer/guardian/new parent New sibling 3.3 Describe with examples how transitions may affect children and young people’s behaviour and development Transitions can affect children in a number of way, during this time it is important that the child or young person has positive relationships around them to help them feel secure. Some transitions can be difficult to deal with and can affect a child or young person’s behaviour in many different ways. For example a child who has just moved house and school can become very clingy, withdrawn, anxious and uninterested in their new surroundings. This can affect their development as they may not join in as much as they should in class, plus could ply up to their new teachers and have behavioural issues. If this kind of behaviour isn’t picked up early on and the child or young person isn’t given the support they need, the transitional period can become a very traumatic experience. On a positive note, a change in school may be what the child needs to take off and thrive in a new setting. It may be seen as an exciting time and a chance for the child to excel in their new surroundings. Any change in a child or young persons life can lead to a number of behvioural and developmental issues. Parental separation or a change in partner can lead to a withdrawn behviour, acting up to gain the attention of their parent. They may become aggressive at the remaining parent and blame themselves for the problems. This behaviour may carry on in school and lead to the child being excluded from the class or school depending on the severity of the situation. If a child or young person experiences illness or an injury, dependent on the severity p, they may need to take a lot of time off school for appointments, treatments, etc. Where some children/young people may see it as a great thing being away from school, for others it can be a very worrying, anxious time. Emotionally they may be down about being here, there and everywhere on different appointments, so it is important that they have a good support network around them to give them some kind of stability during this time. There are a lot of negative affects children and young people can experience  from certain situations, however sometimes positives can be taken from them. For example, as traumatic as it may be for a child to move in with a new parent and new siblings they can be a positive influence in terms of speech and social skills for the young

Classical Era Reflection Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Classical Era Reflection - Research Paper Example The major theorists of scientific (management) perspective believed there is one best way to do everything – and that is the most efficient way Those theorists believed they could determine that method via whatever means they were using or purported was the best method to study the task. Those theorists of the scientific perspective discussed first are F. W. Taylor, H. L. Gantt, Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, and Hugo Munsterberg. Frederick W. Taylor’s philosophy led the way for many others in using scientific and mathematical methods applied to workers, attempting to match a person’s abilities to a job in the best way possible, instituting a mutual self-interest mind-set that had never existed and improving employee productivity through incentives (Locke, 1982; Wren & Bedeian, 2009). Crain (2003) says that Taylor was noted for his scientific approach, his ability to solve problems, and his ability to invent things. His thought was that â€Å"measurement increased productivity† (p. 45). In one example, the test subject â€Å"increased production by 400 per cent while receiving 60 percent more in pay†. Taylor was best known for his stopwatch, but he believed that money is what the workers craved and they were determined to get it. Companies at that time glossed over the downside of Taylor’s efficiency gains and put increased productivity over ethics. Philosophical discussions took place and he wrote about it in The Principles of Scientific Management. He believed that ultimately improving efficiency improved society. Hodgetts (1995) analyzed ten U.S. organizations against Taylor’s principles and found that â€Å"each in its own way used Taylor’s four principles to help focus their total quality management strategy† (p. 218). The four principles are summarized as follows: 1. Develop a science for each part of a person’s work, replacing â€Å"a rule of thumb method† (p. 218). 2. Scientifical ly pick and train employees rather than allow employees to arrive and work as they wish. 3. Cooperate with employees to ensure work is done according to scientific guidelines. 4. Divide work as equally as possible. Allow management time to oversee the work of the employees and shoulder the responsibility of holding others accountable. Henry Laurence Gantt worked closely with F. W. Taylor. Gantt brought a human quality into the scientific side of Taylor’s work. Gantt developed a bonus pay structure for the employee who completed their piece rate work for the day and was able to complete more than the assigned tasks. With Gantt’s methods of the use of incentives for employees â€Å"production was often doubled† (Wren & Bedeian, 2009, p. Fax 2). Frank Gilbreth differed from Taylor in that Gilbreth used time motion studies where Taylor used a stop watch and was using only time rather than time motion. Gilbreth was best known for establishing the hope of finding the one best (most efficient) way to do any and every task (Wren & Bedeian, 2009). Lillian Gilbreth, PhD, continued the work the two of them conducted even after Frank’s death and she later became published. Hugo Munsterberg was the father of industrial psychology as we know it today. He believed psychological themes could be applied in the workplace. In 2009, The New Yorker published an article describing in detail the events of Classical

Evaluation of Three Different Types of Spectroscopy Lab Report

Evaluation of Three Different Types of Spectroscopy - Lab Report Example The sample is then heated via flame, plasma or electricity; this causes desolvation, liquefaction, vaporization and finally atomization (Sagi & Rathnam, 2013). Components include; a) The light source which is usually a hollow cathode lamp. Atoms of different elements absorb specific wavelengths of light therefore in order to analyse a sample for a specific element, the light source used must correspond to the wavelength of that element. b) A compartment in which samples are atomised via (flame, graphite furnace, MHS cell, FIAS cell, FIMS cell). c) A monochromator that disperses the light. d) A detector, which measures the light intensity and amplifies the Signal. e) A display that shows the reading. AAS has various uses such as analysis of bodily fluids like blood and urine for heavy metal poisoning and monitoring of the environment by measuring levels of certain elements in lakes, food like fish and the air (Karabegov, 2011). Fluorescence is a photon emission process. Absorption of light by some molecules causes movement of electrons from the ground state to an excited state. This excited molecule will return to a lower energy level by dispersing part of its energy. It will then return to the ground state by emission of a photon (fluorescence). As a result of this loss of energy, stokes shift is observed. Stokes shift is when there is a difference in wavelength of the absorption and emission spectra (Ge, et al., 2010) Only molecules containing a functional group which has the ability to absorb energy of a certain wavelength and re-emit it at a different but specific wavelength (fluorophore) will exhibit fluorescence (Ge, et al., 2010) a) The light source, an example of the first type used is the tungsten-halogen lamp and later on, mercury lamps were used. However, now xenon lamps are mainly used. b) A Monochromator used to select both the excitation and emission wavelength. c) Sample holders, the cuvette is placed in